General Question About Viruses/Malware While Using Avast Free

I ‘do not’ have a virus or malware infection but I wanted several questions answered.

Assuming that ‘Active Protection’ is turned on and Updates are up to date:

a) If Avast Free detects a virus/malware in ‘real time,’ automatically quarantines it, and it is removed manually, is the infection considered removed?

b) If Avast Free detects a virus/malware during a ‘manual monthly scan,’ is it quarantined automatically? If so, and after it is removed manually, is the infection considered removed?

c) Assuming a virus/malware ‘gets’ past Avast Free in real time or gets detected during a manual monthly scan and cannot be healed/quarantined, is this the only situation that the operating system would need to be re-installed?

d) Since clicking ‘Delete’ from the Virus Vault does not delete the file from the hard disk, what stops the infected file from being detected again?

I ask these questions because a friend had malware detected during a ‘manual monthly scan’ that could not be healed/quarantined and the operating system had to be re-installed.

Can someone shed some light under what circumstances the operating system would need to be re-installed once malware/virus is detected?

a]
It depends on the settings you have made in avast

b]
See a]

c]
Newly installing a OS after a infection is a very rare thing.

d]
You are wrong, the file is deleted.

I ask these questions because a friend had malware detected during a 'manual monthly scan' that could not be healed/quarantined and the operating system had to be re-installed.
Since we dont know what was detected and dont have any diagnostic logs to look at, impossible to answer why The experts here may have been able to remove it without a reinstall
Can someone shed some light under what circumstances the operating system would need to be re-installed once malware/virus is detected?
- some malware is badly written and may damage the OS - Fileinfector virus

We have voulunteers here that will clean a computer for FREE
They are all trained and certified to do this job, you find the list/instructions at top in viruses and worms forum section > Logs to assist in cleaning malware

Whatever may happen - after an infection I allways load back a previous made image of my OS. It’s the best way to be secure from malware.